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The hemoglobin A1c test (HbA1c) is a blood test used to determine how well diabetes is being controlled. The HbA1c test measures the control of blood glucose levels in people with diabetes over a 6 to 12 week period. Most physicians think the HbA1c test is the best way to monitor how well a person is controlling diabetes through treatments and medicines.
Individuals with diabetes should get the HbA1c test every three to six months to determine whether their blood sugars have reached the target level of control. HbA1c levels can also help measure the risks of developing problems from diabetes, such as kidney failure, vision problems, and leg or foot numbness. The lower the HbA1c level, the lower the chance of such problems.
Individuals with diseases such as anemia, kidney disease and liver disease may get abnormal results with the HbA1c test. Supplements such as vitamins C and E and high cholesterol levels can also affect the HbA1c levels.